You can create a Problem or Rationale from most SysML item types. You can also create a Problem or Rationale through a diagram or from a Model or Package.
To create a problem or rationale from a SysML item:
1. Right-click the SysML item, point to New, point to SysML, and then click Problem or Rationale.
2. Open the Problem's or Rationale's property pages, and specify the text of the Problem or Rationale on the Full Text tab.
The Problem or Rationale is created as child of the item you right-clicked, and is applied to that item.
To create a problem or rationale from the model or a package:
1. Right-click the Model or Package, point to New, point to SysML, and then click Problem or Rationale.
2. Open the Problem's or Rationale's property pages, and specify the text of the Problem or Rationale on the Full Text tab.
The Problem or Rationale is created as a child of the Model or Package you right-clicked, but it is not applied to the Model or Package.
To create a problem or rationale from a diagram:
1. On the diagram, click the Problem or Rationale toolbar button, and then click in free space.
2. Type the text of the Problem or Rationale, and then press the Enter key.
The Problem or Rationale is created as a child of the item that owns the diagram, but it is not applied to that item.
Problem or 
Rationale toolbar button, and then click in free space.