예제: 난수 생성

함수 > 통계 > 확률 분포 > 예제: 난수 생성

예제: 난수 생성

각각 일정 간격으로 균일하게 분포하거나 정규 분포하거나 지수 분포한 난수의 벡터를 생성합니다.

균일 분포

1. runif 함수를 호출하여 low와 high 사이에 균일하게 분포한 난수 n_set를 생성합니다.

2. hist 함수를 사용하여 빈이 n_bins개인 균일한 집합의 히스토그램을 생성한 다음 집합의 평균을 계산합니다.

3. 히스토그램을 도표화하고 데이터 집합의 예상 평균을 표시합니다.

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계산 탭의 컨트롤 그룹에서 계산을 클릭하여 새 난수 집합을 구합니다. 다시 계산할 때마다 새 기초값을 값을 사용하여 난수를 생성합니다.

정규 분포

1. rnorm 함수를 호출하여 평균이 μ이고 표준 편차가 σ인 정규 분포에 따라 n_set 난수를 생성합니다.

2. floor, ceil, min 및 max 함수를 사용하여 데이터 집합의 최소값과 최대값을 계산한 다음 각 빈의 너비를 계산합니다.

3. 도표의 수평 배율을 설정합니다.

4. dnorm 함수를 호출하여 데이터 집합에 대해 예상되는 정규 분포 F를 계산한 다음 빈이 n_bins개인 정규 집합의 히스토그램을 도표화합니다.

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지수 분포

1. rexp 함수를 호출하여 r의 비율로 지수 분포한 난수 집합을 생성합니다.

2. dexp 함수를 호출하여 데이터 집합에 대해 예상되는 지수 분포 F를 계산한 다음 빈이 n_bins개인 지수 집합의 히스토그램을 도표화합니다.

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3. pexp 및 qexp 함수를 호출하여 값 x의 누적 확률 분포와 값 p의 역 누적 확률 분포를 각각 계산하고 도표화합니다.

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함수 qexp의 첫 번째 인수는 확률이며 1보다 작아야 하므로 int를 100으로 나눕니다.