為自訂函數編寫 C 程式

為協助您開始編寫 PTC Mathcad 的自訂函數，以下包含一些程式碼樣本。請參考位於您的 PTC Mathcad 安裝目錄之 Custom Functions\multiply 子目錄中的檔案 MULTIPLY.C。MULTIPLY.C 包含將純量乘以陣列的雙引數函數。當您加以編譯並正確地連結函數之後，新函數 multiply(a, M) 會在您重新啟動 PTC Mathcad 之後，可供使用。

#include "mcadincl.h"

一般而言，程式的下一步會定義您預期會遭遇之錯誤類型的錯誤代碼。請務必針對不當的數據類型設陷錯誤，因為這些類型最常導致誤用 PTC Mathcad 函數。這些類型會一起定義，以便計算錯誤總數。CreateUserErrorMessageTable 函數需要此總計。

#define INTERRUPTED 1
#define INSUFFICIENT_MEMORY 2
#define MUST_BE_REAL 3
#define NUMBER_OF_ERRORS 3
// table of error messages
// if your function never returns an error -- you do not need to create this table
char * myErrorMessageTable[NUMBER_OF_ERRORS] =
{
"interrupted",.
"insufficient memory",
"must be real"
};

// this code executes the multiplication
LRESULT MultiplyRealArrayByRealScalar( COMPLEXARRAY * const Product,
LPCCOMPLEXSCALAR Scalar, LPCCOMPLEXARRAY Array )
{
unsigned int row, col;
// check that the scalar argument is real
if ( Scalar->imag != 0.0)
// if it is not, display "must be real" error message
// under the scalar argument ( the 1st argument )
return MAKELRESULT( MUST_BE_REAL, 1)

// check that the array argument is real
if ( Array->hImag != NULL )
// if it is not, display "must be real" error message
// under the array argument ( the 2nd argument )
return MAKELRESULT( MUST_BE_REAL, 2);
// allocate memory for the product
if( !MathcadArrayAllocate( Product, Array-rows,Array-cols,
TRUE, // allocate memory for the real part
FALSE )) // do not allocate memory for the imaginary part

// if allocation is not successful, return with the appropriate error code
return INSUFFICIENT_MEMORY;
// if all is well so far -- go ahead and perform the multiplication
for ( col = 0; col < Product-> cols; col++ )
{
// check that a user has not tried to interrupt the calculation
if (isUserInterrupted())
{
// if user has interrupted -- free the allocated memory
MathcadArrayFree( Product );
// and return with an appropriate error code
return INTERRUPTED;
}
for ( row = 0; row < Product-> rows; row++ )
Product->hReal[col][row] =
Scalar-> real*Array-> hReal[col][row];
}

// normal return
return 0;
}

FUNCTIONINFO multiply =
{
// name by which Mathcad will recognize the function
"multiply",

// description of "multiply" parameters to be used
"a,M",

// description of the function
"returns the product of real scalar a and real array M",

// pointer to the executable code
// i.e. code that should be executed when a user types "multiply(a,M)="
(LPCFUNCTION)MultiplyRealArrayByRealScalar;

// multiply(a, M) returns a complex array
COMPLEX_ARRAY,
// multiply takes on two arguments
2,
// the first is a complex scalar, the second a complex array
{ COMPLEX_SCALAR, COMPLEX_ARRAY}
};

DLL 代表動態連結程式庫。下列程式碼可讓其他視窗型函數 (特別是 PTC Mathcad) 透過 Windows 的 DLL 介面使用此程式庫。您也必須指定程式編寫環境之進入點的參照。作業系統會在載入 DLL 時，呼叫 DLL 進入點。PTC Mathcad 需要您在載入 DLL 時，註冊自訂函數與錯誤訊息資料表。

// DLL entry point code
// the _CRT_INIT function is needed if you are using Microsoft's 32-bit compiler

BOOL WINAPI _CRT_INIT(HINSTANCE hinstDLL, DWORD dwReason, LPVOID lpReserved);
BOOL WINAPI DllEntryPoint (HINSTANCE hDLL, DWORD dwReason, LPVOID lpReserved)
{
switch (dwReason)
{
case DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH:
// DLL is attaching to the address space of the current process
if (!_CRT_INIT(hDLL, dwReason, lpReserved))
return FALSE;

if ( CreateUserErrorMessageTable( hDLL, NUMBER_OF_ERRORS, myErrorMessageTable ) )
// and if the errors register properly, register the user function
CreateUserFunction( hDLL, &multiply );
break;
case DLL_THREAD_ATTACH:
case DLL_THREAD_DETACH:
case DLL_PROCESS_DETACH:
if (!_CRT_INIT(hDLL, dwReason, lpReserved))
return FALSE;
break;
}
return TRUE;
}
#undef INTERRUPTED
#undef INSUFFICIENT_MEMORY
#undef MUST_BE_REAL
#undef NUMBER_OF_ERRORS