單位
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範例：使用金錢單位
範例：使用金錢單位
若您知道年度需求，請確定材料的最優訂貨重量。
1.
定義每年所需的原物料總重量。
<region id="ID0ECFHOB" actualWidth="172.54666666666668" actualHeight="25.6" top="134.40000000000003" left="38.400000000000006" xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50"> <math resultRef="20" xml:lang="zh_TW"> <define xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50"> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">total_weight</id> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <scale xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <real xml:lang="zh_TW">50000</real> <id labels="UNIT" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">kg</id> </apply> </define> <resultFormat xml:lang="zh_TW"> <general precision="3" show-trailing-zeros="false" radix="dec" zero-threshold="15" imaginary-value="i" exponential-threshold="3" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <matrix size="12,12" offset="0,0" show-indices="false" expand-nested-arrays="false" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> </resultFormat> </math> </region>
2.
定義下訂單的成本。
<region id="ID0EXGHOB" actualWidth="148.17666666666668" actualHeight="25.6" top="211.20000000000005" left="38.400000000000006" xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50"> <math resultRef="22" xml:lang="zh_TW"> <define xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50"> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">cost_of_order</id> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <scale xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <real xml:lang="zh_TW">15</real> <id labels="UNIT" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">¤</id> </apply> </define> <resultFormat xml:lang="zh_TW"> <general precision="3" show-trailing-zeros="false" radix="dec" zero-threshold="15" imaginary-value="i" exponential-threshold="3" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <matrix size="12,12" offset="0,0" show-indices="false" expand-nested-arrays="false" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> </resultFormat> </math> </region>
與其他維度不同的是，貨幣只由一種單位組成，稱為基礎貨幣。此基礎貨幣以貨幣字元表示。
3.
定義每個單位重量的成本。
<region id="ID0ERIHOB" actualWidth="195.9666666666667" actualHeight="47.2" top="345.6" left="38.400000000000006" xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50"> <math resultRef="24" xml:lang="zh_TW"> <define xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50"> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">cost_per_weight</id> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <scale xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <real xml:lang="zh_TW">7.75</real> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <div xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <id labels="UNIT" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">¤</id> <id labels="UNIT" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">gm</id> </apply> </apply> </define> <resultFormat xml:lang="zh_TW"> <general precision="3" show-trailing-zeros="false" radix="dec" zero-threshold="15" imaginary-value="i" exponential-threshold="3" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <matrix size="12,12" offset="0,0" show-indices="false" expand-nested-arrays="false" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> </resultFormat> </math> </region>
4.
定義倉儲原物料的成本。
<region id="ID0EGKHOB" actualWidth="204.49000000000004" actualHeight="47.2" top="422.40000000000009" left="38.400000000000006" xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50"> <math resultRef="26" xml:lang="zh_TW"> <define xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50"> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">cost_of_inventory</id> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <scale xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <real xml:lang="zh_TW">2.72</real> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <div xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <id labels="UNIT" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">¤</id> <id labels="UNIT" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">kg</id> </apply> </apply> </define> <resultFormat xml:lang="zh_TW"> <general precision="3" show-trailing-zeros="false" radix="dec" zero-threshold="15" imaginary-value="i" exponential-threshold="3" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <matrix size="12,12" offset="0,0" show-indices="false" expand-nested-arrays="false" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> </resultFormat> </math> </region>
5.
將年度總成本定義為訂貨重量的函數，假設存貨的平均重量是訂貨重量的一半。
<region id="ID0E2LHOB" actualWidth="323.56333333333333" actualHeight="25.6" top="518.40000000000009" left="38.400000000000006" xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50"> <math resultRef="28" xml:lang="zh_TW"> <define xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50"> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">material_cost</id> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <mult xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">total_weight</id> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">cost_per_weight</id> </apply> </define> <resultFormat xml:lang="zh_TW"> <general precision="3" show-trailing-zeros="false" radix="dec" zero-threshold="15" imaginary-value="i" exponential-threshold="3" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <matrix size="12,12" offset="0,0" show-indices="false" expand-nested-arrays="false" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> </resultFormat> </math> </region>
<region id="ID0ENMHOB" actualWidth="827.42000000000007" actualHeight="47.2" top="556.80000000000007" left="38.400000000000006" xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50"> <math resultRef="30" xml:lang="zh_TW"> <define xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50"> <function xml:lang="zh_TW"> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">total_annual_cost</id> <boundVars xml:lang="zh_TW"> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">order_weight</id> </boundVars> </function> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <plus xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <plus xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">material_cost</id> <parens xml:lang="zh_TW"> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <mult xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <div xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">total_weight</id> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">order_weight</id> </apply> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">cost_of_order</id> </apply> </parens> </apply> <parens xml:lang="zh_TW"> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <mult xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <div xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">order_weight</id> <real xml:lang="zh_TW">2</real> </apply> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">cost_of_inventory</id> </apply> </parens> </apply> </define> <resultFormat xml:lang="zh_TW"> <general precision="3" show-trailing-zeros="false" radix="dec" zero-threshold="15" imaginary-value="i" exponential-threshold="3" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <matrix size="12,12" offset="0,0" show-indices="false" expand-nested-arrays="false" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> </resultFormat> </math> </region>
6.
使用解題指令群中的
minimize
函數將總成本函數降到最低。將理想訂貨重量的估值定義為 5 公斤。
<region id="ID0EHOHOB" actualWidth="467.26333333333338" actualHeight="104.40000000000002" top="633.60000000000014" left="38.400000000000006" xml:lang="zh_TW" height="104.40000000000002" width="467.26333333333338" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50"> <solveblock xml:lang="zh_TW"> <regions xml:lang="zh_TW"> <region id="" actualWidth="91.723333333333343" actualHeight="25.6" top="24" left="4.7999999999999972" xml:lang="zh_TW" solve-block-category="guess-value"> <math resultRef="32" xml:lang="zh_TW"> <define xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50"> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">guess</id> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <scale xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <real xml:lang="zh_TW">5</real> <id labels="UNIT" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">kg</id> </apply> </define> <resultFormat xml:lang="zh_TW"> <general precision="3" show-trailing-zeros="false" radix="dec" zero-threshold="15" imaginary-value="i" exponential-threshold="3" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <matrix size="12,12" offset="0,0" show-indices="false" expand-nested-arrays="false" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> </resultFormat> </math> </region> <region id="" actualWidth="422.81666666666672" actualHeight="25.6" top="76.800000000000011" left="0" xml:lang="zh_TW" solve-block-category="solver"> <math resultRef="34" xml:lang="zh_TW"> <define xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50"> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">optimal_order_weight</id> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <id labels="KEYWORD" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">minimize</id> <sequence xml:lang="zh_TW"> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW" label-is-contextual="true">total_annual_cost</id> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">guess</id> </sequence> </apply> </define> <resultFormat xml:lang="zh_TW"> <matrix size="12,12" offset="0,0" show-indices="false" expand-nested-arrays="false" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> </resultFormat> </math> </region> </regions> </solveblock> </region>
<region id="ID0EZOHOB" actualWidth="241.10000000000002" actualHeight="25.6" top="768.00000000000011" left="38.400000000000006" xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50"> <math resultRef="36" xml:lang="zh_TW"> <eval xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50"> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">optimal_order_weight</id> <unitOverride xml:lang="zh_TW"> <id labels="UNIT" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">kg</id> </unitOverride> </eval> <resultFormat xml:lang="zh_TW"> <general precision="3" show-trailing-zeros="false" radix="dec" zero-threshold="15" imaginary-value="i" exponential-threshold="3" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <matrix size="12,12" offset="0,0" show-indices="false" expand-nested-arrays="false" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> </resultFormat> </math> </region>
7.
計算年度總成本的最小值。
<region id="ID0EOQHOB" actualWidth="406.01333333333332" actualHeight="27.620000000000005" top="844.80000000000018" left="38.400000000000006" xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50"> <math resultRef="38" xml:lang="zh_TW"> <eval xml:lang="zh_TW" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50"> <apply xml:lang="zh_TW"> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">total_annual_cost</id> <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">optimal_order_weight</id> </apply> <unitOverride xml:lang="zh_TW"> <id labels="UNIT" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="zh_TW">¤</id> </unitOverride> </eval> <resultFormat xml:lang="zh_TW"> <scientific use-e-notation="false" precision="3" show-trailing-zeros="false" radix="dec" imaginary-value="i" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> <matrix size="12,12" offset="0,0" show-indices="false" expand-nested-arrays="false" xml:lang="zh_TW" /> </resultFormat> </math> </region>
複製運算式
