Ejemplo: función seed para la generación de números aleatorios

<region id="ID0EON6GB" top="268.80000000000007" left="38.400000000000006" height="117.15199999999999" width="372.98" xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50">
  <math resultRef="84" xml:lang="es">
    <define xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">
      <function xml:lang="es">
        <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">SameNormal</id>
        <boundVars xml:lang="es">
          <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">p</id>
          <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">μ</id>
          <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">σ</id>
        </boundVars>
      </function>
      <program xml:lang="es">
        <for xml:lang="es">
          <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">i</id>
          <range xml:lang="es">
            <real xml:lang="es">0</real>
            <real xml:lang="es">2</real>
          </range>
          <program xml:lang="es">
            <apply xml:lang="es">
              <id labels="FUNCTION" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">Seed</id>
              <real xml:lang="es">1</real>
            </apply>
            <localDefine xml:lang="es">
              <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">nums</id>
              <apply xml:lang="es">
                <id labels="FUNCTION" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es" label-is-contextual="true">rnorm</id>
                <sequence xml:lang="es">
                  <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es" label-is-contextual="true">p</id>
                  <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">μ</id>
                  <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">σ</id>
                </sequence>
              </apply>
            </localDefine>
            <localDefine xml:lang="es">
              <apply xml:lang="es">
                <matcol xml:lang="es" />
                <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">M</id>
                <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">i</id>
              </apply>
              <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es" label-is-contextual="true">nums</id>
            </localDefine>
          </program>
        </for>
        <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es" label-is-contextual="true">M</id>
      </program>
    </define>
    <resultFormat xml:lang="es">
      <matrix size="12,12" offset="0,0" show-indices="false" expand-nested-arrays="false" xml:lang="es" />
    </resultFormat>
  </math>
</region>

• Se generará el mismo conjunto de números aleatorios cada vez, porque la función seed está definida en 1.

• SameNormal devuelve una matriz de tres columnas idénticas, una para cada iteración.

<region id="ID0E3V6GB" top="691.2" left="38.400000000000006" height="45.2" width="228.19666666666669" xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50">
  <math resultRef="94" xml:lang="es">
    <define xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">
      <apply xml:lang="es">
        <indexer xml:lang="es" />
        <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">S1</id>
        <id labels="*" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">q</id>
      </apply>
      <apply xml:lang="es">
        <indexer xml:lang="es" />
        <parens xml:lang="es">
          <apply xml:lang="es">
            <matcol xml:lang="es" />
            <apply xml:lang="es">
              <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">SameNormal</id>
              <sequence xml:lang="es">
                <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">p</id>
                <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">μ</id>
                <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">σ</id>
              </sequence>
            </apply>
            <real xml:lang="es">1</real>
          </apply>
        </parens>
        <id xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">q</id>
      </apply>
    </define>
    <resultFormat xml:lang="es">
      <matrix size="12,12" offset="0,0" show-indices="false" expand-nested-arrays="false" xml:lang="es" />
    </resultFormat>
  </math>
</region>

<region id="ID0ESX6GB" top="921.60000000000014" left="38.400000000000006" height="235" width="575.781818181818" xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50">
  <plot background-type="white" origin-positioning="true" xml:lang="es">
    <xyPlot xml:lang="es">
      <title class="- topic/title " xml:lang="es" toc="yes" wwtype:type="Paragraph" xmlns:wwtype="urn:WebWorks-Type-Schema" />
      <legend xml:lang="es" />
      <traces xml:lang="es">
        <trace resultRef="100" xml:lang="es">
          <traceStyle color="#FF9ABC66" symbol="none" line-weight="1" line-style="Solid" xml:lang="es">columns</traceStyle>
        </trace>
      </traces>
      <graph-size width="456.581818181818" height="177.4" xml:lang="es" />
      <axes xml:lang="es">
        <xAxis rank="1" legend-position="PlotBoundaryBottom" start="0" end="20" xml:lang="es">
          <axisLine position="origin" positionticmark="0" legendWidth="92.1466666666667" xml:lang="es" />
          <axisGrid xml:lang="es">
            <gridFrequency xml:lang="es">5</gridFrequency>
            <gridLabels display="true" xml:lang="es" />
            <gridLines xml:lang="es" />
            <tickMarks display="true" xml:lang="es" />
          </axisGrid>
          <axisLabel xml:lang="es" />
          <markers xml:lang="es" />
          <numberFormat xml:lang="es">
            <general precision="3" show-trailing-zeros="false" radix="dec" zero-threshold="15" imaginary-value="i" exponential-threshold="3" xml:lang="es" />
          </numberFormat>
          <plotEquations xml:lang="es">
            <plotEquation xml:lang="es">
              <math resultRef="107" xml:lang="es">
                <id xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">range</id>
              </math>
              <math resultRef="108" xml:lang="es">
                <placeholder xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50" />
              </math>
            </plotEquation>
          </plotEquations>
          <xyDomain scale-type="linear" auto-scale="true" xml:lang="es">
            <startValue resultRef="102" xml:lang="es">
              <real xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">0</real>
            </startValue>
            <secondTickValue resultRef="104" xml:lang="es">
              <real xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">5</real>
            </secondTickValue>
            <endValue xml:lang="es" resultRef="106">
              <real xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">20</real>
            </endValue>
          </xyDomain>
        </xAxis>
        <yAxis rank="1" legend-position="PlotBoundaryLeft" start="0" end="150" xml:lang="es">
          <axisLine position="origin" positionticmark="0" legendWidth="87.9033333333333" xml:lang="es" />
          <axisGrid xml:lang="es">
            <gridFrequency xml:lang="es">7</gridFrequency>
            <gridLabels display="true" xml:lang="es" />
            <gridLines xml:lang="es" />
            <tickMarks display="true" xml:lang="es" />
          </axisGrid>
          <axisLabel xml:lang="es" />
          <markers xml:lang="es">
            <marker resultRef="109" display="true" color="#FFED1D2F" line-style="Dash" value="129" xml:lang="es">
              <apply xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">
                <id xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">max</id>
                <id xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">same</id>
              </apply>
            </marker>
          </markers>
          <numberFormat xml:lang="es">
            <general precision="3" show-trailing-zeros="false" radix="dec" zero-threshold="15" imaginary-value="i" exponential-threshold="3" xml:lang="es" />
          </numberFormat>
          <plotEquations xml:lang="es">
            <plotEquation xml:lang="es">
              <math resultRef="117" xml:lang="es">
                <id xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">same</id>
              </math>
              <math resultRef="118" xml:lang="es">
                <placeholder xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50" />
              </math>
            </plotEquation>
          </plotEquations>
          <xyDomain scale-type="linear" auto-scale="true" xml:lang="es">
            <startValue resultRef="112" xml:lang="es">
              <real xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">0</real>
            </startValue>
            <secondTickValue resultRef="114" xml:lang="es">
              <real xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">25</real>
            </secondTickValue>
            <endValue xml:lang="es" resultRef="116">
              <real xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">150</real>
            </endValue>
          </xyDomain>
        </yAxis>
      </axes>
    </xyPlot>
  </plot>
</region>

<region id="ID0EHZ6GB" top="1267.2000000000003" left="38.400000000000006" height="117.15199999999999" width="365.72" xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50">
  <math resultRef="130" xml:lang="es">
    <define xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">
      <function xml:lang="es">
        <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">DiffNormal</id>
        <boundVars xml:lang="es">
          <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">p</id>
          <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">μ</id>
          <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">σ</id>
        </boundVars>
      </function>
      <program xml:lang="es">
        <for xml:lang="es">
          <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">i</id>
          <range xml:lang="es">
            <real xml:lang="es">0</real>
            <real xml:lang="es">2</real>
          </range>
          <program xml:lang="es">
            <apply xml:lang="es">
              <id labels="FUNCTION" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">Seed</id>
              <apply xml:lang="es">
                <plus xml:lang="es" />
                <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es" label-is-contextual="true">i</id>
                <real xml:lang="es">1</real>
              </apply>
            </apply>
            <localDefine xml:lang="es">
              <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">nums</id>
              <apply xml:lang="es">
                <id labels="FUNCTION" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es" label-is-contextual="true">rnorm</id>
                <sequence xml:lang="es">
                  <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es" label-is-contextual="true">p</id>
                  <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">μ</id>
                  <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">σ</id>
                </sequence>
              </apply>
            </localDefine>
            <localDefine xml:lang="es">
              <apply xml:lang="es">
                <matcol xml:lang="es" />
                <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">M</id>
                <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">i</id>
              </apply>
              <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es" label-is-contextual="true">nums</id>
            </localDefine>
          </program>
        </for>
        <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es" label-is-contextual="true">M</id>
      </program>
    </define>
    <resultFormat xml:lang="es">
      <matrix size="12,12" offset="0,0" show-indices="false" expand-nested-arrays="false" xml:lang="es" />
    </resultFormat>
  </math>
</region>

• Ahora que el valor seed cambia con cada iteración, cada conjunto de números aleatorios es exclusivo.

• Dado que la iteración=0 de ambos programas comienza con seed=1, las columnas=0 de ambas matrices devueltas contienen conjuntos idénticos.

<region id="ID0E446GB" top="1593.6000000000001" left="38.400000000000006" height="45.2" width="220.93666666666667" xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50">
  <math resultRef="132" xml:lang="es">
    <define xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">
      <apply xml:lang="es">
        <indexer xml:lang="es" />
        <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">S2</id>
        <id labels="*" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">q</id>
      </apply>
      <apply xml:lang="es">
        <indexer xml:lang="es" />
        <parens xml:lang="es">
          <apply xml:lang="es">
            <matcol xml:lang="es" />
            <apply xml:lang="es">
              <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">DiffNormal</id>
              <sequence xml:lang="es">
                <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">p</id>
                <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">μ</id>
                <id labels="VARIABLE" xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">σ</id>
              </sequence>
            </apply>
            <real xml:lang="es">1</real>
          </apply>
        </parens>
        <id xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">q</id>
      </apply>
    </define>
    <resultFormat xml:lang="es">
      <matrix size="12,12" offset="0,0" show-indices="false" expand-nested-arrays="false" xml:lang="es" />
    </resultFormat>
  </math>
</region>

<region id="ID0E5BAHB" top="1785.6000000000004" left="38.400000000000006" height="235" width="575.781818181818" xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/worksheet50">
  <plot background-type="white" origin-positioning="true" xml:lang="es">
    <xyPlot xml:lang="es">
      <title class="- topic/title " xml:lang="es" toc="yes" wwtype:type="Paragraph" xmlns:wwtype="urn:WebWorks-Type-Schema" />
      <legend xml:lang="es" />
      <traces xml:lang="es">
        <trace resultRef="138" xml:lang="es">
          <traceStyle color="#FFF47D44" symbol="none" line-weight="1" line-style="Dash" xml:lang="es">columns</traceStyle>
        </trace>
      </traces>
      <graph-size width="456.581818181818" height="177.4" xml:lang="es" />
      <axes xml:lang="es">
        <xAxis rank="1" legend-position="PlotBoundaryBottom" start="0" end="20" xml:lang="es">
          <axisLine position="origin" positionticmark="0" legendWidth="92.1466666666667" xml:lang="es" />
          <axisGrid xml:lang="es">
            <gridFrequency xml:lang="es">5</gridFrequency>
            <gridLabels display="true" xml:lang="es" />
            <gridLines xml:lang="es" />
            <tickMarks display="true" xml:lang="es" />
          </axisGrid>
          <axisLabel xml:lang="es" />
          <markers xml:lang="es" />
          <numberFormat xml:lang="es">
            <general precision="3" show-trailing-zeros="false" radix="dec" zero-threshold="15" imaginary-value="i" exponential-threshold="3" xml:lang="es" />
          </numberFormat>
          <plotEquations xml:lang="es">
            <plotEquation xml:lang="es">
              <math resultRef="145" xml:lang="es">
                <id xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">range</id>
              </math>
              <math resultRef="146" xml:lang="es">
                <placeholder xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50" />
              </math>
            </plotEquation>
          </plotEquations>
          <xyDomain scale-type="linear" auto-scale="true" xml:lang="es">
            <startValue resultRef="140" xml:lang="es">
              <real xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">0</real>
            </startValue>
            <secondTickValue resultRef="142" xml:lang="es">
              <real xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">5</real>
            </secondTickValue>
            <endValue xml:lang="es" resultRef="144">
              <real xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">20</real>
            </endValue>
          </xyDomain>
        </xAxis>
        <yAxis rank="1" legend-position="PlotBoundaryLeft" start="0" end="175" xml:lang="es">
          <axisLine position="origin" positionticmark="0" legendWidth="80.32" xml:lang="es" />
          <axisGrid xml:lang="es">
            <gridFrequency xml:lang="es">8</gridFrequency>
            <gridLabels display="true" xml:lang="es" />
            <gridLines xml:lang="es" />
            <tickMarks display="true" xml:lang="es" />
          </axisGrid>
          <axisLabel xml:lang="es" />
          <markers xml:lang="es">
            <marker resultRef="147" display="true" color="#FF662D91" line-style="Dash" value="155" xml:lang="es">
              <apply xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">
                <id xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">max</id>
                <id xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es">diff</id>
              </apply>
            </marker>
          </markers>
          <numberFormat xml:lang="es">
            <general precision="3" show-trailing-zeros="false" radix="dec" zero-threshold="15" imaginary-value="i" exponential-threshold="3" xml:lang="es" />
          </numberFormat>
          <plotEquations xml:lang="es">
            <plotEquation xml:lang="es">
              <math resultRef="155" xml:lang="es">
                <id xml:space="preserve" xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">diff</id>
              </math>
              <math resultRef="156" xml:lang="es">
                <placeholder xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50" />
              </math>
            </plotEquation>
          </plotEquations>
          <xyDomain scale-type="linear" auto-scale="true" xml:lang="es">
            <startValue resultRef="150" xml:lang="es">
              <real xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">0</real>
            </startValue>
            <secondTickValue resultRef="152" xml:lang="es">
              <real xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">25</real>
            </secondTickValue>
            <endValue xml:lang="es" resultRef="154">
              <real xml:lang="es" xmlns="http://schemas.mathsoft.com/math50">175</real>
            </endValue>
          </xyDomain>
        </yAxis>
      </axes>
    </xyPlot>
  </plot>
</region>